ABSTRACT
This study is the first report on the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of fungal extracts isolated from marinesponge Dactylospongia sp., which is collected from Mandeh Island, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The isolation of fungalwas conducted using dilution method with Sabouraud Dextrose Agar + chloramphenicol (0.05%) as a medium. Thepure isolated fungal was cultivated on rice medium at temperature 25°C–27°C and then extracted using ethyl acetatesolvent. The ethyl acetate extract of each isolated fungal was tested for antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. Ninefungal strains have been isolated from this sponge. Two ethyl acetate extracts of fungal strains (Dc03 and Dc04) werecategorized as having strong inhibition against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, methicillinresistant S. aureus, and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a concentration of 5% with zone inhibitionin range of 12.31 ± 0.54–16.14 ± 0.75 mm. The cytotoxic activity screening of the ethyl acetate extracts of fungalstrains was done by using the brine shrimp lethality test. Four fungal strains had LC50 below 80 µg/ml (Dc03, Dc04,Dc05, and Dc08) and were further tested with MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide)assay on T47D cell line. These selected fungi were identified molecularly as Cladosporium halotolerans MN859971,Penicillium citrinum MN859968, Aspergillus versicolor MN859970, and Aspergillus sydowii MN859969, respectively.The results suggest that these fungal strains are quite rich in the production of bioactive compounds that are veryeffective as antibacterial and cytotoxic agents
ABSTRACT
This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of endophytic fungi from marine brown algae Padina sp.collected from Nirwana Beach, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia. The isolation of endophytic fungi was conductedusing dilution method with Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) + Chloramphenicol as a growth medium. Nine fungistrains have been isolated from this alga. Purely isolated fungi were cultivated using rice as a medium at roomtemperature for 3–4 weeks. The secondary metabolite produced by fungi was extracted using ethyl acetate (EtOAc)as a solvent. The antimicrobial activity of EtOAc extracts was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichiacoli, and Candida albicans by using the agar diffusion method. In this research, nine endophytic fungi were isolatedfrom the brown marine algae Padina sp. The results of antimicrobial activity screening showed that one fungal isolate(Nita3) was selected as the most active against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans with a diameter of inhibition zone of20.98 ± 1.56 mm, 17.98 ± 6.58 mm, and 13.60 ± 0 mm, respectively. This selected fungus was identified molecularlyas Trichoderma harzianum. We conclude that T. harzianum can be a source of antimicrobial compounds. However,continuous research is needed to prove its bioactive action